The power plant is intended to be a joint venture between two business giants, usbased engineering corporation lockheed martin and hong kongbased construction consortium reignwood. This power cycle is similar to those used in traditional thermal power plants, but at lower overall temperatures. The most commonly used heat cycle opa4277ua pdf for otec to date is the rankine cycle using a. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, which produces clean baseload 247 renewable energy and fresh drinking water was a perfect match for our venture fund. An alternative procedure for calculating the working fluid mass flow rate is given in ref. Potential and future prospects for ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Demonstrated that net power can be generated from a land based otec system and delivered to a real power grid.
These produced net power of 18 and 103 kw, respectively 6. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a technology solution that directly addresses the key concerns of energy security, global warming, pollution and depletion of nonrenewable fossil resources. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec technology uses a turbine generator to create renewable energy from the temperature difference between cold, deep seawater circulating in the ocean and surface seawater warmed by the sun. Working fluids for otec power plants 17 exchangers and on power plant performance measured in ft2 of. On the selection of working fluids for otec power plants. Otec plants pump large quantities of deep cold seawater and surface seawater to run a power cycle and produce electricity. Also shown on the cover is a compactsize, nonreheating turbine, for which rapid growth is anticipated in the overseas markets. Otec provides a clean, reliable energy solution for many areas of the world. Ammoniaside pressure drop is not expected to be a significant factor. Several firms manufacture the submarine power cable required for. In order to produce power with the low temperature range, a working fluid with low boiling point is used. Few otec investigators pay sufficient attention to the meter minimum distance between the thermal energy source ocean surface warm water and sink deep ocean cold water. Technical note maximum output of an otec power plant.
Here youll find a collection of information on this historic project, as well as information on otec technology, news, and posts from facility staff. Otec, this difference is determined by t and is very small. Capacity is the largest amount of power a plant can generate when it is operating at full output. This may not sound like a lot but as the power demand for the otec plant is increased to hundreds of mw of power, the. Ocean thermal energy corporation plans to build an otec pumping station on long cay in the bahamas. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec systems with capacities ranging from 2 to 5. Worlds largest ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Calculation of power pumps on otec power plant ocean. Although viable otec systems are characterized by carnot efrciencies in the range of 68%, stateoftheart combustion steam power cycles, which tap much higher temperature energy sources, are theoretically capable of converting more than 60% of the.
The otec power plant uses the heat in the surface water of the tropical oceans to. Makai ocean engineerings ocean thermal energy conversion otec power plant is the worlds biggest operational facility of its kind, with an annual power generation capacity of 100kw, which is sufficient to power 120 homes in hawaii. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. By either measure, the four lower snake river dams are major power plants. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between the deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters to run a power cycle and generate electricity. Principle and preliminary calculation of ocean thermal energy. Principle and preliminary calculation of ocean thermal. Prime minister narendra modis vision of developing blue economy to complement indias economic trajectory is getting onto the drawing board, with the development of an indigenous technology to tap ocean energy.
Pdf analysis of the environmental issues concerning the. Makais ocean thermal energy conversion otec power plant. Analysis of optimization in an otec plant using organic. Otc 20957 first generation 50 mw otec plantship for the.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec state of development such that under certain scenarios cost competitive baseload electricity could be produced, cf 0. This is the first true closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec. International levelised cost of energy for ocean energy. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which either drives an electrical generator or does some other work, like ship propulsion. Otec power generation makes use of temperature differences between upper. Condenser w 0 steam power plant q h h out 4 1 the thermal efficiency of the rankine cycle is determine from net out th in in k 1 wq qq where w q q w w net in out turbine, out pump, in deviation of actual vapor power cycle from idealized ones the actual vapor power cycle differs from the ideal rankine cycle, as a result of. Pdf experimental ocean thermal energy conversion otec. After all, otec is putting our power and our people to work for you, our memberowners. Pdf conceptual design of a 5 mw otec power plant in the oman.
This temperature difference can be used to produce electricity and to desalinate ocean water. The generated electrical power and the efficiency of otec plant are enhanced by a. This was a small plant that was more of a testing plant. Journal of mechatronics, electrical power, and vehicular. Generated output was used to power the plant and the remaining electricity was used to power a school and other places. Department of energys national renewable energy laboratory nrel to engage the republic of the marshall islands rmi by offering assistance in an effort to address technical and economic hurdles to deploying costeffective energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies on islanded systems. First generation 50 mw otec plantship for the production of electricity and desalinated water. This report documents the modeling efforts and results of a resource. The purpose of this study is to create numerical equations about the amount of pump energy required in otec power generation systems. If the otec power module is based on the closed cycle, the desalination unit. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec pdf ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between. Dividing the power plant into three major subsystems, tseng et al. Mpee is defined as being sustainable and technically feasible, given.
Demonstrated total pilotplant construction and operation. It outlines the conventional power system for otec in a closed cycle. Objectives the primary objectives of this paper are as follows. In 1993 a small open cycle otec plant was designed and constructed by l. In the case of otec, when appropriate, the cost of electricity is estimated with credit for the desalinated water. Exchangers per net power as an objective function, an otec cycle with. The bathymetry of the coast around main land of india where cold water at a depth of m is available at about 40 km from the shore necessitates the use of a floating platform to house the otec plant. There exist some locations where a shell mounted otec plant can be constructed at a depth of 200 m. It documents that commercial otec plants for power and potable water generation, developed from.
The otec ocean thermal energy conversion power plant is one candidate. The governor of hawaii, david ige, flipped the switch to activate the plant. Before building an otec power plant on the reunion. In the condenser bottom water is used to cool down the working fluid. Ocean thermal energy conversion makai ocean engineering. Welcome to the okinawa prefecture deep sea water ocean thermal energy conversion otec demonstration facility. The fate of the desalination hardware, when the third and last otec power phase gets under way, depends on many factors. Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec is the use of a high. Annual production kwh name plate kw x 8760 hours x cf. The planned construction of an otec ocean thermal energy conversion power plant in the southern chinese high seas is set to become the largest power plant in the world.
Seawaterside pressure drop affects the amount of otecgenerated power that must be used to supply seawater pumps on an otec plant. Conclusions and recommendations 32 figures 1 global distribution of annual wave power flux from wave watch iii windwave model 3 2 global distribution of annual wave power flux from fugro oceanor worldwaves model 3 3 wave energy conversion 4. The ccotec plant utilizes pressurized anhydrous ammonia as the working fluid to drive turbinegenerators to produce. It makes this area possessing superior potential to develop otec ocean thermal energy conversion energy resources. Indias first ocean power generation project coming up in. This paper presents a design concept of ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant built in mamuju, west sulawesi, with 33 mwe and 7. Mpee is defined as being sustainable and technically feasible, given todays stateoftheart ocean energy technology. Otec power cycles and auxiliary uses desalinated water and ammonia production c. The seawater flow rate for a 255 kw open cycle otec plant is 0. His student, georges claude, built the first open cycle otec plant in cuba in 1930. Analysis of the environmental issues concerning the deployment of an otec power plant in martinique. The ocean thermal extractable energy visualization oteev project focuses on assessing the maximum practicably extractable energy mpee from the worlds ocean thermal resources.
It was a model of an actual working plant and did not produce enough power. Using the total heat transfer area of heat exchangers per net power as an objective function, an otec cycle with plate. Outline of the 100 kw otec pilot plant in the republic of nauru pdf. Read more about indias first ocean power generation project coming up in kavaratti, lakshadweep on business standard. Its essence is a binary power plant and working fluid with a low boiling point, i. The ocean contains enoughenergy power all of the worlds otec is a way to generateelectrical needs. In the evaporator surface water is used to heat up the working fluid.
Otec continually seeks to add or change programs and services to ensure that our memberowners needs are met and that each contact with otec is a positive one. Ocean thermalenergy conversionotec utilizes the worlds largestsolar radiation collector theocean. Demonstrated total pilot plant construction and operation. High pressure drops require large amounts of pumping power, which reduces the netpower output from the otec plant. Demonstrated that net power can be generated from a land based otec system and delivered to. Provide information on the history, operation, application and current development on the ocean thermal energy conversion technology. Since that time, we have been actively involved in ote, commercializing otec around the world.
Otec memberowners, for the health and safety of our members, employees, and the communities we serve, otec has closed our offices to walkin traffic until further notice. The plant is to be built off the coast of southern china to supply 100 percent of the power needed for a largescale green resort community being developed by reignwood group. Otec announces temporary suspension of disconnects and late fees and office closures to walkin traffic. At a result, cost effective otec power plant design has not been developed. Welcome to the okinawa prefecture deep sea water ocean thermal energy conversion otec.
International levelised cost of energy for ocean energy technologies an analysis of the development pathway and levelised cost of energy trajectories of wave, tidal and otec technologies final version 28th may 2015 a study commissioned by ocean energy. An ocean thermal energy conversion power plant built by makai ocean engineering went operational in hawaii in august 2015. This is the first true closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant to be connected to a u. Economics of ocean thermal energy conversion otec luis a. America, and is a model of the power plant technology to be constructed overseas in the future. Asia pacific research initiative for sustainable energy. Also notable are the joint ventures by private japanese companies and the tokyo electric power company, which resulted in an otec plant on the paci. Electricity generation by the ocean thermal energy tethys. For example, geothermal requires extraction of superheated water from far below the earths crust. This is equivalent to filling 46 liter bottles full of seawater every second. Otec transforms the heat stored in the surface water of tropical oceans, into mechanical work to produce energy. In tropical regions, surface water can be much warmer than deep water. A thermal power station is a power plant in which the is steam driven.
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